Execute non-executable binary file. Inspect Python version. $ python3 --version Python 3.10.6 Inspect mounted filesystem that does not permit direct execution of any binaries. $ mount /dev/sdb1 on /opt/files type ext4 (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,errors=remount-ro) Try to execute binary file. $ /opt/files/bin/ls bash: /opt/files/ls: Permission denied Create a simple Python script that uses os.memfd_create function which is available […]
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